Ankara|Turkey
Statistical Data
First settlement (BC 302-265)
https://ankara.ktb.gov.tr/TR-370255/ilimiz-tarihcesi.html
Declaration of capital city 13 October 1923
Surface area 26.897 km²
http://www.ankara.gov.tr/genel-cografya-ve-yeryuzu-sekilleri
Altitude 890 m
http://www.ankara.gov.tr/genel-cografya-ve-yeryuzu-sekilleri
Global Cities Index Ranking (2023) 90
This index refers to current performance of the city based on five categories: business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience and political engagement. Ankara has regressed in this index compared to previous years.
Global Cities Outlook Ranking (2023) 120
This index refers to the future potential of the city based on four categories: personal well-being, economics, innovation, governance. Ankara has progressed in this index by 7 places compared to 2022 rankings.
https://www.kearney.com/documents/291362523/299003325/The+distributed+geography+of+opportunity-the+2023+Global+Cities+Report.pdf/a4a7d5ae-16b5-46a9-437c-53367c9c09d7?t=1698172358000
EDUCATION
Total number of schools 3494
Pre-school 818
Primary school 889
Middle school 866
Secondary education 899
Universities 22
Ankara has the second highest number of universities in Turkey, five of them being state universities. Furthermore, the city hosts 21.359 of the teaching stuff in Turkey respectfully. This points out to the importance of the city in providing higher education opportunities to the country.
https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-yuksekogretim-kurum-ogrenci-yabanci-ogrenci-ogretim-elemani-sayilari/
Number of students 1.299.246
Pre-school students included the city has 1.299.246 students in different levels of education.
Number of foreign students (2023-2024) 19.812
For the same year, total number of foreign students in Turkey is 334.632. The leading city in this category is İstanbul with 118.741 foreign students followed by Eskişehir (20.806), Ankara (19.812), Karabük (11.554) and Erzurum (11.351), forming the top five cities with the highest number of foreign students.
https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr
Number of illiterate people 68.802
Illiteracy has a steady decrease in the last 5 years from 84.912 in 2019 to the current number in 2023.
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
Average duration of education 10.7
In 2023, the province with the highest average duration of education for the population aged 25 and over was Ankara with 10.7 years, followed by Istanbul, Eskişehir, Kocaeli and İzmir.
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Ulusal-Egitim-Istatistikleri-2023-53444
DEMOGRAPHY
Population 5.803.482
Men 2 860 361
Women 2 943 121
Ankara is the second most crowded and most developed city in Turkey after İstanbul and before İzmir. After Ankara became the capital city, it rapidly became crowded. Both private and public sector investments were concentrated in the capital and its surrounding regions, resulting in significant employment opportunities. This, in turn, led to a large influx of people moving to Ankara. Since civil servants and students are predominant, the net population cannot be certainly calculated.
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2023-49684
Population projection for 2030 10.000.000
https://www.dai.com/our-work/projects/turkiye-smart-ankara-sustainable-urban-mobility-plan
Fertility rate 1,2
Fertility rate in Ankara is 1,2. It is lower than the rate of 1,29 in 2022 and lower than the Turkey average 1,51. It is compatible with the overall decrease in fertility rate in the country.
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
Median age 35,4
Median age in Ankara is 35,4 and higher than the country average 34,0. This trend is in line with the general trend in Turkey with an increase in the median age.
https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-ortanca-yas/
CLIMATE
Average highest daily temperature 17,9
Average lowest daily temperature 6,4
Average rainfall 392,4 mm
Average sunlight duration 6.7 hours
Average number of rainy days 103.3
https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx
Amount of water in the dams 727.602.000 m3
Occupancy rate in dams 45.89%
https://www.aski.gov.tr/tr/baraj.aspx
ECONOMY
GDP (2022) 1 trillion 329 billion 810 million [TRY]
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Gross-Domestic-Product-by-Provinces-2022-45867&dil=2
GDP per capita (2022) 13,919 [USD]
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1384725/turkey-gdp-per-capita-by-province/
Labour Force Participation Rate 54,6
Employment Rate 48,5
Unemployment Rate 11,2
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
Distribution of GDP by economic sectors (2022)
TOTAL 1.329,9 Billion (%100)
Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 23,7 Billion (1.8%)
Manufacturing, Mining and Quarrying, and Other Industries 300,8 Billion (22,6%)
Manufacturing Industry 229,0 Billion (17,2%)
Construction 76,2 Billion (5,7%)
Wholesale and Retail Trade, Transportation and Storage, Accommodation, and Food Service Activities 263,8 Billion (19,8%)
Information and Communication 64,8 Billion (4,9%)
Financial and Insurance Activities 40,1 Billion (3,0%)
Real Estate Activities 39,8 Billion (3,0%)
Professional, Scientific, Technical, Administrative, and Support Service Activities 74,4 Billion (5,6%)
Public Administration and Defence, Education, Human Health, and Social Work Activities 175,2 Billion (13,2%)
Other Services 131,6 Billion (9,9%)
Tax and Subsidy 139,5 Billion (10,5%)
https://www.atonet.org.tr/Uploads/Birimler/Internet/Flash%20Tanıtım%20Alanı/2024-04-22-rakamlarla_ankara/Rakamlarla_Ankara%20Mart%202024.pdf
Starvation Line (2024) 18.978,77₺ (≈ 536€)
“The amount of monthly food expenditure (hunger limit) that a family of four living in Ankara should make in order to have a healthy, balanced and adequate diet increased to 18,978.77 TL, the total amount of food expenditure and other compulsory monthly expenditures for clothing, housing (rent, electricity, water, fuel), transport, education, health and similar needs (poverty line) increased to 61,820.10 TL, and the 'cost of living' of a single employee increased to 24,614.20 TL per month.”
https://www.turkis.org.tr/turk-is-haziran-2024-aclik-ve-yoksulluk-siniri/
Poverty Threshold (2023) 34.800₺ (≈ 982€)
Poverty threshold in Ankara is higher compared to the threshold in Turkey which is 29.187₺ (≈824€).
Poverty Rate (2023) 10,1%
Poverty rate in Ankara is lower than the country average which is 13,9% for Turkey.
Material and Social Poverty in Turkey (2023) 14,4%
Inflation Rate in Turkey (last 5 years)
2023 53,86%
2022 72,31%
2021 19,60%
2020 12,28%
2019 15,18%
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Tuketici-Fiyat-Endeksi-Aralik-2023-49657
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Tuketici-Fiyat-Endeksi-Aralik-2022-49651
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Tuketici-Fiyat-Endeksi-Aralik-2021-45789
Defence Industry Companies with Production Permit 66
https://www.msb.gov.tr/content/upload/docs/TekHizDSavSanGuv/BELGELİ%20FİRMALAR%20ÜİB%20-%2001092021.pdf
Number of Active Social Security Covered Workers 2.034.354
https://veri.sgk.gov.tr/
Distribution of Workers by Status
Engineer 38.842
Technician 28.169
Master 18.510
Worker 112.623
Administration 31.288
https://www.tobb.org.tr/BilgiErisimMudurlugu/Sayfalar/sanayi-kapasite-raporu-istatistikleri.php
Number of Unions 324
https://siviltoplum.gov.tr/sendikalara-iliskin-istatistikler
Enterprises (2022) 338.871
Number of enterprises have risen considerably since 2018 and the highest number of enterprises are in wholesale and retail trade, meaning repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles with 99.650 enterprises in 2022.
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
Technology Development Zones 13
With the increased importance and demand towards technology in the development of economy and changing role of information technologies in power struggle, technological advancement became an area of focus for all countries. The goal is to enhance industry competitiveness by producing and commercializing technological knowledge, improving product quality and standards, increasing efficiency, reducing production costs, helping small and medium enterprises adapt to advanced technologies, providing opportunities for researchers, and accelerating foreign high-tech investments.
https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/istatistikler/istatistiki-bilgiler/mi0203011501
Gini coefficient according to household disposable income 0,450
The Gini coefficient is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to measure the income or wealth distribution from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). Ankara had some fluctuating outcomes over the last ten years. However, there is a significant increase in index as it has risen from 0,382 in 2014 to 0,450 in 2024. This points out to the increasing inequality in household incomes as it corresponds to the overall results of Turkey in other cities as well.
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Gelir-Dagilimi-Istatistikleri-2023-53711
Average household individual income (2023) 108.036 TL /year (≈4,105.37 USD)
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Gelir-Dagilimi-Istatistikleri-2023-53711
Municipal budget (2024) 56.000.000.000,00₺ (≈1.706.765.760,00 USD)
https://s.ankara.bel.tr/files/2023/12/26/a866530280e9beb3292ede3d0eec1767.pdf
Ministries 17
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Family and Social Services
Ministry of Labor and Social Security
Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources
Ministry of Youth and Sports
Ministry of Treasury and Finance
Ministry of the Interior
Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Ministry of National Education
Ministry of National Defence
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Industry and Technology
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure
Ministry of Trade
Embassies 135
Ankara has the highest number of embassies in Turkey because of its status as the capital city of Turkey.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Turkey
TRAFFIC
Registered vehicles (2024) 2.643.167
Cars 1.912.240
Minibus and bus 47.541
Motorcycle 114.747
Passenger cars (2023) 322 passenger cars per 1000 person
Ankara surpasses Istanbul, the most populous city in Turkey, in car ownership, with 322 passenger cars per 1000 residents. This number has increased by nearly 23% over the past five years, reflecting a significant rise in car ownership in the city.
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Motorlu-Kara-Tasitlari-Nisan-2024-53456
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr
Parking fine notices 690₺ (≈21,03 USD)
https://www.trafik.gov.tr/kurumlar/trafik.gov.tr/03-Mevzuat/2024-yili-Trafik-Idari-Para-Ceza-Rehberi.pdf
TRANSPORTATION
Railway systems 5 metro lines, 1 suburban train, 2 local trains
Buses 323 lines
Airport 1 (Esenboğa Airport)
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara%27da_ulaşım
HOUSING
Number of house sales 94.724
The number of house sales have significantly dropped since 2020 from 157.095 to 94.724. This drop might be related to the constants rise in inflation and the economic problems Turkey has been facing with the start of pandemic.
https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/
Average rent prices for m2 (2024) 163 TL (≈4,97 USD)
The number in Ankara is slightly less than the country average in June 2024 which is 169,6 TL.
https://betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr/2024/06/sahibindex-kiralik-konut-piyasasi-gorunumu-haziran-2024/
CULTURE
Number of Movie Theatres 224
Movie theatres in the capital city host various film festivals throughout the year such as Ankara International Film Festival, Flying Broom International Women's Film Festival and International Labor Film Festival.
Number of films shown (2023) 459
National 179
Foreign 286
Total number of audience (2023) 3.339.008
Number of theatre halls 68
Number of performances 3.794
Number of audiences 680.878
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Sinema-ve-Gosteri-Sanatlari-Istatistikleri-2023-53639
Number of formal and non-formal education institution libraries: 2.800
Total number of books: 4.452.625
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Kutuphane-Istatistikleri-2023-53655
Number of museums 8
Number of works 227.942
Number of ruins 2
Number of visitors of museums and ruins (2022) 1.518.358
https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Kulturel-Miras-Istatistikleri-2022-49749
MIGRATION (2022)
Internal Migration
Incoming 189.104
Outgoing 161.912
Ankara ranks among the top 5 provinces experiencing the highest levels of internal migration, mainly for educational and occupational motivations. These data highlight its dynamic demographic structure.
https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-ic-goc/
External Migration
Incoming 26.721
Outgoing 45.552
https://www.drdatastats.com/illere-gore-turkiyede-dis-goc/
LIVING COSTS
1 Big Mac Menu 245₺ (6,93€)
12 Eggs 64₺ (1,82€)
1 litre of Milk 39₺ (1,11€)
1 Kg Tomatoes 34₺ (0,98€)
1 Kg Apples 36₺ (1,02€)
1 Kg Potatoes 24₺ (0,68€)
Bread for 2 people for 1 day 13₺ (0,37€)
0,5 l beer in supermarket 66₺ (1,38€)
Internet 8 mbps (1 month) 217₺ (6€)
Hourly rate for cleaning help 98₺ (2,80€)
1 litre of gas 42₺ (1,21€)
Monthly ticket public transport 1,216₺ (35€)
Cold medicine for 6 days 116₺ (3,39€)
https://www.expatistan.com/cost-of-living/ankara?currency=EUR
